Partially defined possibly infinite lists #
This file provides a WSeq α type representing partially defined possibly infinite lists
(referred here as weak sequences).
Weak sequences.
While the Seq structure allows for lists which may not be finite,
a weak sequence also allows the computation of each element to
involve an indeterminate amount of computation, including possibly
an infinite loop. This is represented as a regular Seq interspersed
with none elements to indicate that computation is ongoing.
This model is appropriate for Haskell style lazy lists, and is closed under most interesting computation patterns on infinite lists, but conversely it is difficult to extract elements from it.
Equations
- Stream'.WSeq α = Stream'.Seq (Option α)
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Turn a sequence into a weak sequence
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- Stream'.WSeq.ofSeq = (fun (x : α → Option α) (x_1 : Stream'.Seq α) => x <$> x_1) some
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- Stream'.WSeq.coeSeq = { coe := Stream'.WSeq.ofSeq }
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- Stream'.WSeq.coeList = { coe := Stream'.WSeq.ofList }
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- Stream'.WSeq.coeStream = { coe := Stream'.WSeq.ofStream }
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- Stream'.WSeq.inhabited = { default := Stream'.WSeq.nil }
Prepend an element to a weak sequence
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Compute for one tick, without producing any elements
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- Stream'.WSeq.think = Stream'.Seq.cons none
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Destruct a weak sequence, to (eventually possibly) produce either
none for nil or some (a, s) if an element is produced.
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Recursion principle for weak sequences, compare with List.recOn.
Equations
- Stream'.WSeq.recOn s h1 h2 h3 = Stream'.Seq.recOn s h1 fun (o : Option α) => Option.recOn (motive := fun (x : Option α) => (s : Stream'.Seq (Option α)) → C (Stream'.Seq.cons x s)) o h3 h2
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membership for weak sequences
Equations
- Stream'.WSeq.Mem a s = Stream'.Seq.Mem (some a) s
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Equations
- Stream'.WSeq.membership = { mem := Stream'.WSeq.Mem }
Get the head of a weak sequence. This involves a possibly infinite computation.
Equations
- Stream'.WSeq.head s = Computation.map (fun (x : Option (α × Stream'.WSeq α)) => Prod.fst <$> x) (Stream'.WSeq.destruct s)
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Encode a computation yielding a weak sequence into additional
think constructors in a weak sequence
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Get the tail of a weak sequence. This doesn't need a Computation
wrapper, unlike head, because flatten allows us to hide this
in the construction of the weak sequence itself.
Equations
- Stream'.WSeq.tail s = Stream'.WSeq.flatten ((fun (o : Option (α × Stream'.WSeq α)) => Option.recOn o Stream'.WSeq.nil Prod.snd) <$> Stream'.WSeq.destruct s)
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drop the first n elements from s.
Equations
- Stream'.WSeq.drop s 0 = s
- Stream'.WSeq.drop s (Nat.succ n) = Stream'.WSeq.tail (Stream'.WSeq.drop s n)
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Get the nth element of s.
Equations
- Stream'.WSeq.get? s n = Stream'.WSeq.head (Stream'.WSeq.drop s n)
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Convert s to a list (if it is finite and completes in finite time).
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Get the length of s (if it is finite and completes in finite time).
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A weak sequence is finite if toList s terminates. Equivalently,
it is a finite number of think and cons applied to nil.
- out : Computation.Terminates (Stream'.WSeq.toList s)
Instances
Equations
- ⋯ = ⋯
Get the list corresponding to a finite weak sequence.
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A weak sequence is productive if it never stalls forever - there are
always a finite number of thinks between cons constructors.
The sequence itself is allowed to be infinite though.
- get?_terminates : ∀ (n : ℕ), Computation.Terminates (Stream'.WSeq.get? s n)
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Equations
- ⋯ = ⋯
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- ⋯ = ⋯
Replace the nth element of s with a.
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Remove the nth element of s.
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Map the elements of s over f, removing any values that yield none.
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Select the elements of s that satisfy p.
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- Stream'.WSeq.filter p = Stream'.WSeq.filterMap fun (a : α) => if p a then some a else none
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Get the first element of s satisfying p.
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Zip a function over two weak sequences
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Zip two weak sequences into a single sequence of pairs
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- Stream'.WSeq.zip = Stream'.WSeq.zipWith Prod.mk
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Get the list of indexes of elements of s satisfying p
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- Stream'.WSeq.findIndexes p s = Stream'.WSeq.filterMap (fun (x : α × ℕ) => match x with | (a, n) => if p a then some n else none) (Stream'.WSeq.zip s ↑Stream'.nats)
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Get the index of the first element of s satisfying p
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- Stream'.WSeq.findIndex p s = (fun (o : Option ℕ) => Option.getD o 0) <$> Stream'.WSeq.head (Stream'.WSeq.findIndexes p s)
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Get the index of the first occurrence of a in s
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Get the indexes of occurrences of a in s
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union s1 s2 is a weak sequence which interleaves s1 and s2 in
some order (nondeterministically).
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Returns true if s is nil and false if s has an element
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- Stream'.WSeq.isEmpty s = Computation.map Option.isNone (Stream'.WSeq.head s)
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Calculate one step of computation
Equations
- Stream'.WSeq.compute s = match Stream'.Seq.destruct s with | some (none, s') => s' | x => s
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Get the first n elements of a weak sequence
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Split the sequence at position n into a finite initial segment
and the weak sequence tail
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Returns true if any element of s satisfies p
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Returns true if every element of s satisfies p
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Apply a function to the elements of the sequence to produce a sequence
of partial results. (There is no scanr because this would require
working from the end of the sequence, which may not exist.)
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Get the weak sequence of initial segments of the input sequence
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Like take, but does not wait for a result. Calculates n steps of
computation and returns the sequence computed so far
Equations
- Stream'.WSeq.collect s n = List.filterMap id (Stream'.Seq.take n s)
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Map a function over a weak sequence
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Flatten a sequence of weak sequences. (Note that this allows
empty sequences, unlike Seq.join.)
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Monadic bind operator for weak sequences
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- Stream'.WSeq.bind s f = Stream'.WSeq.join (Stream'.WSeq.map f s)
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lift a relation to a relation over weak sequences
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Definition of bisimilarity for weak sequences
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- Stream'.WSeq.BisimO R = Stream'.WSeq.LiftRelO (fun (x x_1 : α) => x = x_1) R
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Two weak sequences are LiftRel R related if they are either both empty,
or they are both nonempty and the heads are R related and the tails are
LiftRel R related. (This is a coinductive definition.)
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If two sequences are equivalent, then they have the same values and
the same computational behavior (i.e. if one loops forever then so does
the other), although they may differ in the number of thinks needed to
arrive at the answer.
Equations
- Stream'.WSeq.Equiv = Stream'.WSeq.LiftRel fun (x x_1 : α) => x = x_1
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auxiliary definition of tail over weak sequences
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- Stream'.WSeq.tail.aux x = match x with | none => Computation.pure none | some (fst, s) => Stream'.WSeq.destruct s
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auxiliary definition of drop over weak sequences
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- Stream'.WSeq.drop.aux 0 = Computation.pure
- Stream'.WSeq.drop.aux (Nat.succ n) = fun (a : Option (α × Stream'.WSeq α)) => Stream'.WSeq.tail.aux a >>= Stream'.WSeq.drop.aux n
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Equations
- ⋯ = ⋯
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- ⋯ = ⋯
Given a productive weak sequence, we can collapse all the thinks to
produce a sequence.
Equations
- Stream'.WSeq.toSeq s = { val := fun (n : ℕ) => Computation.get (Stream'.WSeq.get? s n), property := ⋯ }
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Equations
- ⋯ = ⋯
The monadic return a is a singleton list containing a.
Equations
- Stream'.WSeq.ret a = ↑[a]
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auxiliary definition of destruct_append over weak sequences
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- Stream'.WSeq.destruct_append.aux t x = match x with | none => Stream'.WSeq.destruct t | some (a, s) => Computation.pure (some (a, Stream'.WSeq.append s t))
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auxiliary definition of destruct_join over weak sequences
Equations
- Stream'.WSeq.destruct_join.aux x = match x with | none => Computation.pure none | some (s, S) => Computation.think (Stream'.WSeq.destruct (Stream'.WSeq.append s (Stream'.WSeq.join S)))